Optimization of carotenoids extraction from Satsuma mandarin peel used by response surface methodology

Carotenoids in Satsuma mandarin peel were extracted with ethanol assisted by ultrason.Three main factors were selected as ratio of material to solution, extraction temperature and time and response surface methodology was used to study the interaction among factors on extraction rate of carotenoids in the peel.The optimized extraction condition with 95% ethanol was as follows: extracted only once, 250W in ultrasonic power, 1∶35g /mL in a ratio of material to solution, 36℃ in extraction temperature and 9min in extraction time.Under this condition, the extraction rate was 85.86% and the content of carotenoids was 351.25μg /g, which was very close to the theoretical value calculated from the regression equation.The yield of single extraction with the optimized conditions increased by 22% and the extraction time decreased by 85% compared to those of extraction in control respectively.