陈皮黑茶提取物协同陈皮挥发油的体外降糖、降脂及抗氧化活性

潘志涛; 华婷玉; 王啸云; 申义; 张珣珍; 黄少桐; 段翰英; 王超

doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024050299

陈皮黑茶提取物协同陈皮挥发油的体外降糖、降脂及抗氧化活性

In vitro Hypoglycemic, Hypolipidemic Activities and Antioxidant Capacity of Dark Tea and Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Extract with Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Volatile Oil

摘要

摘要: 目的：探讨陈皮挥发油协同陈皮黑茶提取物的降糖降脂功能和抗氧化活性。方法：首先利用气相色谱法-质谱联用（Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry，GC-MS）分析了陈皮挥发油成分，再分别采用陈皮、黑茶、陈皮黑茶提取物和陈皮挥发油为原料，以阿卡波糖、奥利司他和维生素C（Vitamin C，V_C）为对照，研究其对α-葡萄糖苷酶、胰α-淀粉酶、胰脂肪酶活性和对DPPH、ABTS⁺自由基清除率的影响。结果：柠檬烯为陈皮挥发油主要成分，其相对含量为62.89%；陈皮黑茶+挥发油组（0.1 mg/mL）对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制率达83.38%±1.82%，IC₅₀值的顺序为：阿卡波糖<黑茶<陈皮黑茶+挥发油<陈皮黑茶<陈皮，所有组别对胰脂肪酶抑制率的IC₅₀值在1.77~2.60 mg/mL范围内；陈皮黑茶+挥发油组（0.2 mg/mL）的DPPH自由基清除率为94.85%±1.39%；对ABTS⁺自由基清除率的IC₅₀值在27.62~210.90 μg/mL；对DPPH自由基清除率的IC₅₀值在46.73~68.39 μg/mL。陈皮黑茶所有组别对胰α-淀粉酶活性抑制率小于30%。结论：陈皮黑茶提取物具有良好的抗氧化能力与降糖、降脂活性，添加陈皮挥发油能提高陈皮黑茶提取物的抗氧化及降糖降脂能力。本研究为陈皮黑茶开发降血糖降血脂和抗氧化相关保健产品的研究提供理论基础。

Abstract: Objective: Exploring the in vitro hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activity of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae volatile oil and dark tea/Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae extract. Methods: The volatile oil components of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and then the effects of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, dark tea, dark tea with Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae extract and Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae volatile oil on in vitro α-glucosidase, pancreatic α-amylase, pancreatic lipase activity and the DPPH and ABTS free radicals scavenging capacity were studied with acarbose, orlistat and vitamin C (V_C) as controls. Results: Limonene was the main component of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae volatile oil, accounting for 62.89% of the total relative content. The inhibition rate of α-glucosidase of dark tea with Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae+volatile oil group (0.1 mg/mL) was 83.38%±1.82%, and the order of IC₅₀ value was: acarbose < dark tea < dark tea with Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae+volatile oil < dark tea with Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae < Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae. The IC₅₀ value of all groups on pancreatic lipase inhibition rate was in the range of 1.77~2.60 mg/mL. The DPPH free radical scavenging capacity of dark tea with Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae+volatile oil group at a concentration of 0.2 mg/mL was 94.85%±1.39%. The IC₅₀ value of ABTS cation radical scavenging capacity was 27.62~210.90 μg/mL. The IC₅₀ value of DPPH free radical scavenging capacity was 46.73~68.39 μg/mL. The inhibition rate of pancreatic α-amylase activity in the all groups of dark tea with Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae was less than 30 %. Conclusion: The extract of dark tea with Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae has good antioxidant capacity and in vitro hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering activity, and the addition of volatile oil of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae can improve the antioxidant, in vitro hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering ability of the extract of dark tea with Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae. This study provides a theoretical basis for the development of health care products related to hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidation effects of dark tea with Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae.