摘要:
目的:优化加热回流法提取枸杞挥发油工艺,在此基础上研究不同品种、年份枸杞的挥发油得率差异。方法:在优选有机溶剂的基础上,以料液比、浸泡时间、回流时间为因素,采用单因素试验和正交试验研究各因素对加热回流法提取枸杞挥发油的影响规律并对其工艺进行优化。结果:正交试验发现最佳的提取工艺为料液比1:8、浸泡时间4 h、回流时间4 h,获得最佳枸杞挥发油得率为3.68%±0.13%。在最优提取条件下提取不同品种、年份的枸杞挥发油,结果发现,小颗粒果、宁夏5号、2016年宁夏1号的枸杞挥发油得率差异显著(p < 0.05),小颗粒果枸杞的挥发油得率最高(5.92%±0.12%)。不同生产年份的枸杞挥发油得率差异显著(p < 0.05),2016年宁夏1号枸杞挥发油得率最高(3.69%±0.02%)。结论:枸杞挥发油得率在不同品种上具有一定的差异性,在不同年份上具有显著的差异。
关键词:
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枸杞
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挥发油
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溶剂萃取
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工艺优化
Abstract:
Objective:To optimize the technology of extracting volatile oil from Lycium barbarum L.by heating and reflux method, and to study the difference of volatile oil content among different varieties and years of Lycium barbarum L..Method:Based on the optimization of organic solvents, the effects of various factors on the extraction of volatile oil from Lycium barbarum L. were studied by single factor test and orthogonal test based on the ratio of material to liquid, soaking time and reflux time, and the technology was optimized.Results:Orthogonal experiment showed that the optimum extraction technology was:ratio of material to liquid 1:8, soaking time 4 h, reflux time 4 h, and the yield of volatile oil of Lycium barbarum L.was 3.68% ±0.13%.Under the optimum extraction conditions, the volatile oil of Lycium barbarum L.was extracted from different varieties and years.The results showed that the difference of volatile oil yield between small granules, Ningxia No.5 and Ningxia No.1 in 2016 was significant (p < 0.05), and the highest volatile oil yield of small grain Lycium barbarum L. was 5.92% ±0.12%. There was significant difference in volatile oil yield of Lycium barbarum L.in different production years (p < 0.05), and the highest volatile oil yield of Lycium barbarum L.No.1 in 2016 was 3.69% ±0.02%.Conclusion:The volatile oil yield of Lycium barbarum L.has some differences in different varieties, and has significant difference in different years.
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