Study on the optimization of the seed and fermentation culture for fermenting soybean meal by Bacillus subtilis
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摘要: 为提高枯草芽孢杆菌液态发酵豆粕的效率,对发酵所用种子培养基和发酵培养基进行优化。通过单因素实验研究种子培养基氮源、碳源、无机盐种类及温度对生物量的影响,确定种子培养基组成为1%酵母膏、1%玉米黄粉、1%KH2PO4,培养温度36℃,其生物量、中性和碱性蛋白酶酶活较常规蛋白胨培养基分别提高210.10%、459.20%和67.50%。在此基础上运用正交实验对发酵培养基碳源量、接种量及温度进行优化,得到最优发酵工艺条件为20%豆粕、2%玉米黄粉、1%KH2PO4、接种量10%,培养温度36℃,其生物量、可溶性蛋白及多肽含量较仅含22%豆粕的培养基分别提高40.90%、28.60%和36.40%。结果表明采用优化后的种子培养基和发酵培养基能够显著提高枯草芽孢杆菌液态发酵豆粕的效率。Abstract: In order to improve the efficiency of soybean meal fermentation in liquid state by Bacillus subtilis,the seed and fermentation culture were optimized. Through the single factor experiments to study the seed culture nitrogen sources,carbon sources,inorganic salts and temperature influence on biomass,it was concluded that the best seed culture was composed of 1% yeast extract,1% corn powder,1% KH2PO4 and 36 ℃ fermentation temperature. The biomass,neutral and alkaline protease activity was enhanced 210.10%,459.20% and 67.50%compared to conventional peptone medium. Then on this basis,by using orthogonal experiment to optimize the fermentation culture of carbon source quantity, inoculation size and temperature, the optimal fermentation conditions were 20% soybean meal,2% maize powder,1% KH2PO4,10% inoculation size and 36 ℃ culture temperature. The biomass, soluble protein and peptide content was 40. 90 %, 28. 60 % and 36. 40 % higher respectively,compared to the culture medium containing 22% soybean meal. The results showed that the optimized seed culture and fermentation culture could significantly improve the efficiency of the soybean meal liquid state fermentation by Bacillus subtilis.
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