Study on the optimal extraction conditions of anthocyanin from the fruit of Solanum nigrum L.
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摘要: 目的:筛选提取龙葵果花色苷的最佳溶剂,运用响应面法优化其提取工艺。方法:选取14种溶剂对龙葵果进行提取,分析不同提取物中总酚、黄酮和花色苷的得率与抗氧化性之间的相关性。在单因素的基础上,运用全因子实验设计、最陡爬坡实验和中心组合实验设计进行响应面分析。结果:60%乙醇为最佳提取溶剂,其中总酚、黄酮和花色苷的得率分别为（1.99±0.03）、（1.02±0.01）、（0.82±0.02）mg/g。其对ABTS+·和·OH的清除率分别为88.18%±0.59%和82.45%±0.59%,总抗氧化能力为（5.45±0.06）mmol/L FeSO4当量。总酚、黄酮和花色苷的得率与抗氧化性之间的相关性大小为:总酚>黄酮>花色苷。最佳提取工艺条件为pH 1.0,温度29℃,时间85.5min,料液比1∶25,在此条件下进行龙葵果花色苷的提取,花色苷得率为（0.86±0.05）mg/g。结论:利用响应面法确定的最佳条件合理,实验预测值与实际值偏差较小,该工艺可应用于龙葵果中花色苷的提取。Abstract: Objective:The best solvent to extract anthocyanins from Solanum nigrum L. fruits and the optimal extraction condition were obtained.Methods:14 kinds of solvents were chosen to extract. The correlation between yield of total phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins and antioxidant activity was analyzed. Based on the single-factor test analysis, the full factorial design, steepest ascent design and central composite design for response surface analysis were applied.Results:60% ethanol was the best solvent to extract anthocyanins from Solanum nigrum L. fruits.The content of total phenols, flavonoids and anthocyanins from 60% ethanol extract was ( 1.99 ± 0.03) mg /g, ( 1.02 ±0.01) mg /g, ( 0.82 ±0.02) mg /g, respectively.The ABTS·+and ·OH scavenging activity was up to 88.18% ± 0.59%, 82.45% ± 0.59%, respectively. The ferric reducing antioxidant capacity of the extracts was ( 5.45 ± 0.06) mmol /L equivalent to FeSO 4. The correlation between yield and antioxidant activity:total phenols > flavonoids > anthocyanin. The best extraction technology of anthocyanins from Solanum nigrum L. was as follows:pH1.0, temperature 29℃, time 85.5min and liquid-solid ratio 1∶25. On this extraction condition, the content of Solanum nigrum L.anthocyanins was ( 0.86 ± 0.05) mg /g.Conclusion:The obtained model was credible and could be used for extraction of anthocyanins from Solanum nigrum L.fruits.
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Keywords:
- Solanum nigrum L /
- anthocyanins /
- extraction /
- antioxidant /
- response surface methodology
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